Hydraulic boring and well-driving apparatus.



A. N. SPONBLl HYDRAULIGBORING AND WELL DRIVING APPARATUS.

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APPLIATION FILED MAY 28, X912.

E f M? 5 l) TENT ALLEN' N. SEQONER, 0F YORK, Y.

HYDRAULIC BORINGANB WELL-DRVING APPARATUS.

Speciication of Letters ratent.

rammen ang. eo, esta.

Application :tiled May 28, 1912. Serial No. 700,147.

.To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALLEN llfroonni,l

Heretofore it has been common in sink?, ing wells to use two dliferent sized pipes 'm` such operations, one disposed within the other, preferably concentrically, the outer of said pipes constituting in eifect acasing or caisson and the inner of these pipes being of. .xn aterially less diameter and conveyingwa/ter or the like under pressure to a point adjacent the lower extremityT of the outer pipe or casing, the jet of water emergingfrom the interior pipe forming a cavity in the sand, gravel or other material through .which the pipes are being driven, immediately below and in fact more or less around the lower extremity .of the outer pipe or casing so that the latter may thereafter be driven forcibly downwardly until the end thereof touches the bottom or is driven slight-ly into the bottom of this cavity. When the strata through which the well or the like is being driven is sand or other not too solidly formed or united material,.=there is a tendency, as soon as the water k'supply is cutlolf, for the walls of the hydraulically formed cavity to collapse. ln fact most wet sands will act in this fashion; behaving more or less lilre quicksand. As a result of this action the downward advance of the outer pipe at each step is quite often very limited amounting in some cases to only a very few inches or even less.

Furthermore this operation, as usually conducted in practice, necessitates the complete removal of the interior or water supplying pipe before the outer pipe is struck by the driving weight or plunger. This operation consumes considerable time and involves what have found to be a needless expenditure of labor; since both the inner and out-er pipes, when the boring is to be of considerable depth, are necessarily made up of relatively short lengths or sections; these pipe sections usually being about five feet in length and the withdrawal of the inte' rior'pipe preparatory' to each driving op eration necessitating the uncouplingA of the inner pipe sections which 'thereafter must be again coupled up after the outer'pipe has been driven. downwardly as far as it can be, preparatory to the reapplication of the water jet.

One of the principal objects of my ins vention is to overcome this difficulty and to so construct the apparat-us that the outer pipe or casing may be forcibly driven down by the impact of a weight or hammer upon thev upper extremity thereof while simulta neously 'water under 'pressure is delivered through the lnterioi pipe.

l havefurther aimed to adapt the novel apparatus in question for use with pile drivn ing appliances as at prsent constructed.

The preferred form of the device is furthermore of extreme simplicity and is both durable and inexpensive to manufacture.

These and other objects of invention will be hereinafter referred to and. the novel elements and combination of elements whereby they maybe attained will bemore par ticularly lset forth in the claims appended hereto'.

In the accompanying drawing 'which forms a part hereof and in which like reference characters designate like parts throughout the several views, I have enempliiied a preferred construction; but l am aware that various changes and modifications may be made herein within the puiL view of my invention and hence desire to be limited only by the scope of the said claims.

Referring'to the drawings: Figure l is an elevation of the said apparatus showing sections of the pipe in position in the earth. Fig. 2 is an enlarged detail section of the driving head and of the pipe sections adjacent thereto. Fig. 3 is a det-ail of the said driving head viewed in elevation at rightv angles to the view of the same shown in vframe or housing 3 is erected or disposed preferably immediately above the point where the bore is to lbe made. The frame shown in Fig. l is of a well-known construction commonly employed in 'Well driving.

lt provides guide-Ways for Weight or plunger, the upper extremity of which i.: supplied with e trip clutch 5; e cable, rope, or the like, 6, extending upwardly from this clutch erounde pulley 7 .end downwardly therefrom to e drinn, 8. JV hen the Weight is drawn upwardly to substantially the iop of the frame 3 the clutch 5 engages the trip crown 9 in e. Well.-lnio'wn manner 'which eiieots lthe release of the Weight .allowing the letter to descend under the' influence. gravity end to violently impact upon the drive csp or striking hloel l0. This oep is secured upon the upper extremity oil e pipe section 1l, which-is the uppermost of e. series of similar sections joined together by the couplings 12 end constituting the casing or outer pipe which es e Whole hes been broadly designated 13. Tl/l/"ithin the casing 13 is the Water supply pipe le, the sections of which are preferably of substantially the seme .length es the sections of the outer pipe or. casing; being joined together by oouplings l5 in a Well-known manner. 'in prectice the inner pipe may oe ior example, il iron pipe and the enter pipe sections may be oi' 2 pipe.

l lieve-shown et 16 e source of Water, for exemple, which is' to he delivered under A'pressure through the pipe lll, e, pump 1T being provided for this purpose. The letter is connected to a cross pipe i8 secured to the upper extremity of the pipe lll, in any suitable fashion; as by .means of e. sec.- tion of flexible' hose 19, or the like. rlhe cross pipe 18 is connected to the upper lseotion of the inner pipe preferably by means of e. T 20; since thereby an additional sec tion of pipe 18 may he alined iv'th the cross pipe 18 so as to provide e handle whereby the inner pipe may readily loe elevated when desired. The pipe sections 18, 18 and the l Z0 are received into's slot 2l in the heed l0, said slot preferably exi .riding down Werdly from the upper surface of this elenient a suicient distance to insure against v inadvertent striking oi' the Weight there against. 1When the inner pipe and its head ormedhy .these sections 18, '18 is disposed with respect to the driving head l0 in the manner shown in Figs. 1,2 and 3, the driving heed may be forcibly struck oy the weight et whereby to cause the casing 13 to he driven down into the soil, without liability of injury to the Water supply pipe or its connections; and it should further he observed that this construction permits of the Weight 4 being of the type now commonly in use; no special apparatus other than the drive heed and cross pipe heine; necessitated. As :i result of this construction also, it is possil'ile to continuously supply water through the inner pipe while the casing is being thus driven down hy successive impacts upon the messes opper extremity thereof. ii further edventege of this construction resides in the feet that since the inner pipe virtually depends from the striking lslocli, its Weight edven tegeonsly zzo-acts with the weight of tile cesing to -:torce the letter into the earth. As the inner .pipe is lengthened this susiiiery weight hec-cines very Considerable and. the, progress of the casing through the soil or send under the jarring action of 'the drivn in@r Weight or piunger is ineterielly espedited.

The operation of the device is es follows: Assuming' that the two sections shown in Fig. l have entered strate to he penetrated end that water being continuously supplied from the pmnp li', the jet oi We ter emerging from the inner pipe :torres the cavity hy loosening the soil or se .id in the usuel manner and conveying thethus ioos-l ened material up through the 1between the inner end outer pipes from whence it emerges through the spout 23. y

lt will he understood, oi course, that do not desire to he limited to the particular disposition ci the spout 23 which has heen shown in the drawings ce seid spent may either 'ne directly connected 'to the drive heed, es shown in l, or may loe connected to e "i', for exeinpie, therehelow, es shown in Fig. 5.

The lower extremity of the casing; Wiil loe driven downwardly into the eeviiy 22 si niulteneously with theissnence oiE jet of We.- ter into seid cavity so that by practically' no possibility can its progresshe checked. hy reason of the iniiux of loose soil or sand into the path thereof, the manner previously described.

When boring through sand it niey he noted that it is desirable te maintain the lower eiirernity oiE the inner pipe short distance Within the end' ci the lower section of the easing, to avoid excessive displicement of the send laterally disposed with respect to the cesing.- After the easing has been driven down s'ulostentinily the length of section thereof, it obviously then oecoines necessary to disconnect the' ive-ter pipe from its source oi supply sind to insert thereinto :in edditionei section oi' pipe, the seine operation beingf performed' upon the casing. To do this, however, it is merely necessary to raise the Water pipe by means ofthe handle-like portions of the. seme which project laterally through the slot upon either` side of the driving head and to then unscrew the 'i' 2O from seid pipe, coupling' in the additional Writer pipe section in the usual manner-after the additional casing section has been insteled. 'To-effect this operation fthe Weight 4 is elevated e sniicient distance to permit oli' 'the insertion of additional pipe sections ond it is to he particularly "observed that it is prsetioaliy never necessary to dis- A,extension at its upper extremity through which water may be delivered into said pipe, said drive-head being recessed for the reception of said lateral extension.

2. In hydraulib i boring and Well-tube driving apparatus, the combination of an' outer casing, a water lsupply pipe adapted for insertion into said casing and a drivehead' for said easing, said pipe having Aa lateral extension at its upper extremity 'through which Water may be deliveredL intro said pipe, said drive-head being slotted for the reception of said lateral extension, the slot therein extending downwardly from the upper surt'aeeof said drive-head.

3. In hydraulic boring and well-tube driving apparatus, the combination 01"' a casing with means for driving said casing into an earth strata, said means comprising a water pipe of smaller diameter' than said easing disposed within the latter, a driving Weight,' and means for supporting said water pipe from said casing whereby the Weight of said pipe may supplement the weight of the casing during the driving operation. 4

4. In hydraulic boring and Well-tube driving apparatus, the combination of a casing with means for driving` said casing into an e`arth strata, `said means comprising a. water pipe of smaller diameter than said easing disposed within the latter, a driving weight, and means for supportingsaid Water pipe troni said casing whereby the `weight of said pipe may supplement the weijhtl the Aeasing during the driving operatign, said sdpporting means including a cross-pipe, the interior of which is in cornmunieation with said Water pipe.

5. In hydraulic boring and Well-tube driving apparatus, the combination of an outer easing, a ,water-supply pipe adapted for insertion into said casing, said,4 pipe having a lateral extension at its upper eX- treinity through Which water may be delivered into said pipe, a driving weight normally above said extension, and means whereby said lateral extension may be operatively disposed below said Weight for supplying water substantially continuously to said pipe while said driving Weight is in operation. y

In Witness whereof I subscribe my signature, in the presence of two witnesses.

. ALLEN N. SPOONER.

Witnesses:

VALuo M. CHAPIN, ELIZABETH BAILEY. 

